Johannesburg, the largest city in South Africa and the capital of Gauteng province, originated as a gold-mining settlement in the 19th century. The expansive Soweto township, which was once home to Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu, now features the Mandela House museum, where Mandela once lived. Other significant museums in Soweto that chronicle the fight against apartheid include the poignant Apartheid Museum and Constitution Hill, a former prison complex.